The P1219 diagnostic trouble code (DTC) indicates a problem with the throttle position sensor (TPS) reference voltage circuit. This code signals that the engine control module (ECM) is detecting an abnormal voltage level in the TPS reference circuit, which is crucial for proper engine operation. Addressing this code promptly is essential to prevent drivability issues and potential engine damage.
Comprehensive Information on P1219
| Topic | Description | Potential Solutions |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Throttle Position Sensor Reference Voltage Circuit Malfunction: The ECM has detected an incorrect voltage reading from the TPS reference voltage circuit, indicating a potential open, short, or improper voltage supply. This can lead to inaccurate throttle position readings, affecting fuel delivery and ignition timing. | N/A |
| Symptoms | Poor engine performance, including stalling, hesitation, rough idling, surging, reduced power, and difficulty starting. Check Engine Light illumination. Erratic or unpredictable shifting in automatic transmissions. In some cases, the vehicle may enter limp mode. Increased fuel consumption. Difficulty passing emissions tests. | N/A |
| Common Causes | Faulty Throttle Position Sensor (TPS): The TPS itself may be failing and sending incorrect voltage signals. Wiring Issues: Damaged, corroded, or shorted wiring in the TPS circuit. Poor Connections: Loose or corroded electrical connectors at the TPS or ECM. Faulty ECM (Engine Control Module): In rare cases, the ECM may be the source of the problem. Reference Voltage Supply Issues: Problems with the voltage regulator or wiring supplying the 5-volt reference voltage to the TPS. Grounding Issues: Poor or missing ground connections for the TPS or ECM. Short to Voltage/Ground: A wire in the TPS circuit may be shorted to either voltage or ground. | N/A |
| Diagnostic Steps | 1. Visual Inspection: Carefully inspect the TPS, wiring, and connectors for any signs of damage, corrosion, or loose connections. 2. Voltage Testing: Use a multimeter to measure the voltage at the TPS connector, specifically the reference voltage, ground, and signal wires. Compare the readings to the manufacturer's specifications. 3. Continuity Testing: Check the continuity of the wiring between the TPS and the ECM to identify any open circuits or shorts. 4. Sensor Testing: Test the TPS resistance across its range of motion to ensure it varies smoothly and within specifications. 5. ECM Inspection: Inspect the ECM connector and wiring for damage or corrosion. 6. Scan Tool Data: Use a scan tool to monitor the TPS voltage and position readings while the engine is running. Look for erratic or inconsistent readings. 7. Component Testing: If possible, test the TPS using a specialized TPS tester. | N/A |
| Tools Required | OBD-II scan tool, Multimeter, Wiring diagram for the vehicle, Test light, Wire strippers, Wire crimpers, Electrical contact cleaner, Socket set, Screwdriver set. | N/A |
| Related Codes | P0120, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0124 (Related to TPS circuit), P0605 (ECM Internal Control ROM Error), P0606 (ECM Processor Fault), P0607 (Control Module Performance), P1220 (TPS Range Performance). | N/A |
| Severity | Moderate to High: A P1219 code can lead to significant drivability problems and potentially engine damage if not addressed promptly. | N/A |
| Repair Costs | Repair costs can vary widely depending on the cause of the problem. Replacing a faulty TPS can range from $50 to $200, while addressing wiring issues might cost between $100 and $300. If the ECM is the problem, replacement or reprogramming can cost several hundred to over a thousand dollars. Diagnostic fees can range from $75 to $150. | N/A |
| Impact on Fuel Economy | Significantly Negative: An incorrect TPS signal can cause the ECM to miscalculate the amount of fuel needed, leading to over-fueling or under-fueling, resulting in poor fuel economy. | N/A |
| Potential for Damage | High: Ignoring a P1219 code can lead to catalytic converter damage due to excessive fuel being dumped into the exhaust system. It can also cause engine misfires and potential damage to other engine components. | N/A |
| Vehicle Models Affected | This code is relatively generic, meaning it can appear on various vehicle makes and models. However, it is more commonly associated with Ford vehicles. Specific diagnostic procedures may vary depending on the make and model of the vehicle. | N/A |
| Preventative Measures | Regularly inspect the TPS wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Ensure proper grounding of the ECM and TPS. Perform routine maintenance on the engine, including checking the air filter and fuel system. Avoid using excessive force when cleaning the throttle body, as this can damage the TPS. Use dielectric grease on electrical connectors to prevent corrosion. | N/A |
Detailed Explanations
Definition: The P1219 code indicates that the ECM has detected an issue with the reference voltage supplied to the TPS. This reference voltage, typically 5 volts, is used by the TPS to generate a signal that the ECM interprets as the throttle position. If the voltage is too high or too low, the ECM will set the P1219 code.
Symptoms: Several symptoms can accompany a P1219 code. These may include poor engine performance such as stalling, hesitation, or rough idling. The Check Engine Light will illuminate, and the vehicle may exhibit erratic shifting, reduced power, and increased fuel consumption. In some cases, the vehicle may enter limp mode, restricting engine speed and performance.
Common Causes: The most frequent causes of a P1219 code include a faulty TPS itself, damaged or corroded wiring in the TPS circuit, and poor connections at the TPS or ECM connectors. A faulty ECM can also be the culprit, though this is less common. Issues with the reference voltage supply or grounding problems can also trigger this code. Finally, a short to voltage or ground within the TPS circuit can cause the problem.
Diagnostic Steps: A systematic approach is crucial for diagnosing a P1219 code. Start with a thorough visual inspection of the TPS, wiring, and connectors. Next, use a multimeter to measure the voltage at the TPS connector, comparing the readings to the manufacturer's specifications. Check the continuity of the wiring between the TPS and the ECM to identify any open circuits or shorts. Test the TPS resistance across its range of motion to ensure it varies smoothly. Inspect the ECM connector and wiring. Use a scan tool to monitor the TPS voltage and position readings while the engine is running. Finally, if possible, test the TPS using a specialized TPS tester.
Tools Required: Diagnosing a P1219 code requires a variety of tools. An OBD-II scan tool is essential for reading the code and monitoring sensor data. A multimeter is needed for voltage and continuity testing. A wiring diagram for the vehicle is crucial for identifying the correct wires. A test light can be helpful for checking for voltage. Wire strippers, wire crimpers, electrical contact cleaner, a socket set, and a screwdriver set are also commonly used.
Related Codes: The P1219 code is often accompanied by other codes related to the TPS circuit. These include P0120, P0121, P0122, P0123, and P0124. Codes related to the ECM, such as P0605, P0606, and P0607, may also be present. P1220, which indicates a TPS Range Performance issue, can also occur.
Severity: A P1219 code is considered moderately to highly severe. It can lead to significant drivability problems and potential engine damage if not addressed promptly. Ignoring this code can result in more costly repairs down the line.
Repair Costs: The cost to repair a P1219 code varies depending on the underlying cause. Replacing a faulty TPS can range from $50 to $200. Addressing wiring issues may cost between $100 and $300. If the ECM is the problem, replacement or reprogramming can cost several hundred to over a thousand dollars. Diagnostic fees typically range from $75 to $150.
Impact on Fuel Economy: A P1219 code can significantly negatively impact fuel economy. An incorrect TPS signal can cause the ECM to miscalculate the amount of fuel needed, leading to over-fueling or under-fueling. This results in poor fuel economy and increased emissions.
Potential for Damage: Ignoring a P1219 code can lead to serious damage. Excessive fuel being dumped into the exhaust system can damage the catalytic converter. Engine misfires and potential damage to other engine components can also occur.
Vehicle Models Affected: While the P1219 code is relatively generic and can appear on various vehicle makes and models, it is more commonly associated with Ford vehicles. However, the diagnostic procedures may vary depending on the specific make and model.
Preventative Measures: Several preventative measures can help avoid a P1219 code. Regularly inspect the TPS wiring and connectors for damage or corrosion. Ensure proper grounding of the ECM and TPS. Perform routine engine maintenance, including checking the air filter and fuel system. Avoid using excessive force when cleaning the throttle body, as this can damage the TPS. Use dielectric grease on electrical connectors to prevent corrosion.
Frequently Asked Questions
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What does the P1219 code mean? The P1219 code indicates a problem with the throttle position sensor (TPS) reference voltage circuit, meaning the ECM is detecting an incorrect voltage level. This can affect fuel delivery and ignition timing.
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Can I drive with a P1219 code? Driving with a P1219 code is not recommended. It can lead to poor engine performance, reduced fuel economy, and potential engine damage.
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How do I fix a P1219 code? Fixing a P1219 code involves diagnosing the cause, which may include a faulty TPS, wiring issues, or a faulty ECM. Repair may include replacing the TPS, repairing wiring, or replacing/reprogramming the ECM.
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Is the P1219 code a serious problem? Yes, the P1219 code is considered a moderately to highly serious problem. It can lead to significant drivability issues and potential engine damage if left unaddressed.
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Can a bad battery cause a P1219 code? While not a direct cause, a severely weak or failing battery can sometimes cause erratic voltage readings and potentially contribute to a P1219 code, especially if it's affecting the overall electrical system stability.
Conclusion
The P1219 code signifies a malfunction within the throttle position sensor's reference voltage circuit, which is critical for proper engine operation. Addressing this issue promptly through careful diagnosis and repair is essential to maintain optimal engine performance and prevent potential damage.